Kosmos 2418: A Key Component of the GLONASS Navigation System
The Kosmos 2418 is a Russian military satellite designed to provide critical positioning and timing data as part of the GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System), the Russian equivalent to the American GPS. Launched during a period of constellation modernization, this satellite played a vital role in ensuring global coverage and accuracy for navigation users.
As part of a coordinated deployment, Kosmos 2418 was launched alongside two other satellites, Kosmos 2417 and Kosmos 2419. Together, these spacecraft were intended to strengthen the orbital planes required for a fully operational global navigation network.
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Technical Specifications and Design
Kosmos 2418 belongs to the Uragan-M class of satellites, also known as GLONASS-M. These spacecraft were engineered by Reshetnev ISS to offer improved longevity and signal stability over earlier generations. The satellite is identified by multiple designations: the manufacturer labeled it GLONASS-M №13L, while Ground Control assigned it the number 713.
The spacecraft features a compact design with a diameter of 1.3 meters and a launch mass of 1,415 kg. To maintain its complex onboard electronics and transmission systems, it utilizes a power system capable of generating 1,540 watts.
Launch and Orbital Deployment
The mission began on December 25, 2005, at 05:07 UTC. The launch took place at Site 81/24 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. To reach the necessary altitude, the Russian Space Forces utilized a Proton-K carrier rocket equipped with a Blok DM-2 upper stage.
The rocket successfully placed Kosmos 2418 into Medium Earth orbit (MEO), a circular orbit typically used by navigation satellites to ensure they remain visible to ground receivers across vast areas of the Earth. Specifically, Kosmos 2418 was positioned in orbital slot 24 within the third orbital plane.
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Key Facts
- Operator: Russian Space Forces.
- Satellite Type: Uragan-M (GLONASS-M).
- Launch Date: December 25, 2005.
- Launch Vehicle: Proton-K / DM-2.
- Mass: 1,415 kg.
- Orbit: Medium Earth orbit (MEO), Slot 24.
- International Designator: 2005-050B.
- SATCAT Number: 28916.
Mission Summary Table
| Parameter | Detail |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | Reshetnev ISS |
| Spacecraft Model | GC 713 (Uragan-M) |
| Power Output | 1,540 watts |
| Diameter | 1.3 m |
| COSPAR ID | 2005-050B |
| Current Status | No longer in the GLONASS constellation |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the purpose of Kosmos 2418?
Kosmos 2418 was a military navigation satellite used as part of the GLONASS system to provide precise positioning and timing data.
Which rocket was used to launch the satellite?
The satellite was launched using a Proton-K carrier rocket with a Blok DM-2 upper stage from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
What does the name "Uragan-M" refer to?
Uragan-M is the specific type or model of the GLONASS-M satellite, designed for improved performance over previous versions.
Is Kosmos 2418 still active in the GLONASS constellation?
No, the satellite is no longer part of the active GLONASS constellation.
How many satellites were launched in this specific mission?
Three satellites were launched together: Kosmos 2417, Kosmos 2418, and Kosmos 2419.