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Saxe-Altenburg: The History and Legacy of the Ernestine Duchy The Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg was a sovereign state located in present-day Thuringia, Germany. Held by the Ernestine branch of ...
Read Saxe-Altenburg: The History and Legacy of the Ernestine DuchyDuchy of Brunswick The Duchy of Brunswick (German: Herzogtum Braunschweig) was a sovereign German state that existed from 1815 until 1918. With its capital in the city of Brunswick (Braun...
Read Duchy of Brunswick: A History of the German State (1815–1918)Duchy of Anhalt The Duchy of Anhalt (German: Herzogtum Anhalt) was a historical German state that played a significant role in the complex political landscape of Central Europe. Located b...
Read Duchy of Anhalt: History, Governance, and GeographySaxe-Weimar-Eisenach: The History and Legacy of a Thuringian Grand Duchy The Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach was a prominent German state that played a significant role in the cultura...
Read Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach: The History and Legacy of a Thuringian Grand DuchyGrand Duchy of Oldenburg The Grand Duchy of Oldenburg (German: Großherzogtum Oldenburg), also known as Holstein-Oldenburg, was a significant sovereign state within the shifting landscape ...
Read Grand Duchy of Oldenburg: History and Governance of a German StateMecklenburg-Strelitz: The History of a Northern German Grand Duchy The Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was a sovereign territory in Northern Germany, governed by the younger line of t...
Read Mecklenburg-Strelitz: The History of a Northern German Grand DuchyMecklenburg-Schwerin: The History and Legacy of the Grand Duchy The Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (German: Großherzogtum Mecklenburg-Schwerin) was a sovereign territory in Northern ...
Read Mecklenburg-Schwerin: The History and Legacy of the Grand DuchyKingdom of Saxony The Kingdom of Saxony (German: Königreich Sachsen) was a prominent German monarchy located in Central Europe from 1806 to 1918. Emerging as the successor to the Electora...
Read Kingdom of Saxony: The Rise and Fall of a Central European PowerGerman Emperors: The Sovereigns of the German Empire (1871–1918) The German Emperor (German: Deutscher Kaiser) served as the head of state and hereditary ruler of the German Empire from i...
Read German Emperors: The Sovereigns of the German Empire (1871–1918)German Constitutional Reforms of October 1918 In the final weeks of the First World War, the German Empire underwent a rapid and dramatic political transformation. Known as the Oktoberref...
Read German Constitutional Reforms of October 1918: The Shift to Parliamentary MonarchyFederal Monarchy: Systems, History, and Modern Examples A federal monarchy is a unique system of governance where a federation of states is united under a single overall monarch. What dis...
Read Federal Monarchy: Systems, History, and Modern ExamplesGerman Nobility: History, Titles, and Legal Evolution For centuries, the German nobility (deutscher Adel) and royalty served as the dominant status groups of Central European medieval soc...
Read German Nobility: History, Titles, and Legal EvolutionIndependent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) The Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (Unabhängige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, or USPD) was a pivotal left-...
Read Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany: The Rise and Fall of the USPDOber Ost: The German Military Occupation of the Eastern Front (1914–1918) During the First World War, the German Empire established a vast military administration known as Ober Ost (short...
Read Ober Ost: The German Military Occupation of the Eastern Front (1914–1918)Rape of Belgium: War Crimes and Civilian Suffering in WWI During the opening stages of World War I, the German Empire's invasion of Belgium led to a period of systemic violence and devast...
Read Rape of Belgium: War Crimes and Civilian Suffering in WWISeptemberprogramm: Germany's Ambitions in World War I At the onset of World War I, the German Empire envisioned a victory that would fundamentally reshape the global order. This vision wa...
Read Septemberprogramm: Germany's Ambitions in World War IAlsace–Lorraine: The Imperial Territory of the German Empire (1871–1918) Between 1871 and 1918, the region of Alsace–Lorraine (known in German as Reichsland Elsaß–Lothringen) existed as a...
Read Alsace–Lorraine: The Imperial Territory of the German Empire (1871–1918)Article 231 and the Controversy of the War Guilt Clause At the conclusion of the First World War, the Treaty of Versailles sought to establish a new global order and settle the accounts b...
Read Article 231 and the Controversy of the War Guilt Clause